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1990 Web Archive /-cite

Official Citation Guide for Academic and Research References

When referencing materials from the 1990 Web Archive in academic papers, research projects, or publications, please use the standardized citation formats below. All archive content is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 unless otherwise noted.

Our archive preserves the digital heritage of the early web (1990-1999), including GeoCities pages, early commercial sites, personal homepages, and experimental web projects. Proper citation ensures the continuity of web history scholarship.

Collection ID
1990WA-COL-001
Total Pages
4,217,893
Date Range
1990-1999
Last Updated
2024-12-15
Digital Object Identifier
doi: 10.5281/zenodo.1990webarchive

Access the persistent record: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1990webarchive

Standard Citation Formats

APA 7th Edition
1990 Web Archive. (2024). [Name of archived webpage]. Retrieved from https://archive.1990web.org/collection/[collection-id]/[page-id]
Author: 1990 Web Archive (corporate author)
Year: Current year of access
Title: Italicized title of the archived resource
URL: Permanent archive link with collection ID
MLA 9th Edition
"[Title of Webpage]." 1990 Web Archive, 1990web.org, [original publication date], web. [Access date].
Title: In quotation marks, original URL if different
Publisher: 1990 Web Archive
Date: Original publication date, then access date
Chicago Notes
1. 1990 Web Archive, "[Title of Resource]," original URL, accessed [date], archive URL.
Format: Footnote or endnote style
Elements: Archive name, title, original URL, access date, archive URL
BibTeX
@misc{1990webarchive:[collection-id], title={Original Webpage Title}, author={{1990 Web Archive}}, year={1990s}, url={https://archive.1990web.org/collection/[id]/[page]}, note={[Accessed: Year-Month-Day]} }

Archive-Specific Requirements

Required Metadata Fields
  • Collection ID: Always include the 1990WA-COL-XXX identifier
  • Original URL: If known, provide the original 1990s URL
  • Archive Date: When the page was first archived
  • Access Date: When you accessed the archived resource
  • Original Author: If known from the archived content

Examples by Resource Type

Personal Homepage (GeoCities)
1990 Web Archive. (2024). *Welcome to My Homepage: A GeoCities Classic*. Original URL: http://geocities.com/Area51/Cavern/7777, archived 1997, accessed 2024. https://archive.1990web.org/collection/1990WA-COL-042/geo/7777
Early Commercial Website
1990 Web Archive. (2024). *Amazon.com - Early E-commerce Interface*. Original URL: http://www.amazon.com, archived 1995, accessed 2024. https://archive.1990web.org/collection/1990WA-COL-118/com/amz/1995
Web Ring / Community Site
1990 Web Archive. (2024). *Sci-Fi Fans Web Ring*. Original URL: http://web.ring/scifi, archived 1998, accessed 2024. https://archive.1990web.org/collection/1990WA-COL-203/wr/scifi/1998

Contact for Academic Inquiries

For bulk citation requests, API access for research, or custom archive reports, contact our Academic Partnerships team:

  • Email: academic@1990webarchive.org
  • API Documentation: https://api.1990webarchive.org/docs
  • Research Grants: https://1990webarchive.org/grants