Overview

Quantum computing is a multidisciplinary field comprising aspects of computer science, physics, and mathematics that utilizes quantum mechanics to solve problems that are practically or theoretically infeasible to address with classical computing theories and technology.[1]

Unlike classical computers that use bits (0 or 1), quantum computers use quantum bits or qubits, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously through a phenomenon known as superposition. When combined with entanglement, qubits can process complex calculations at unprecedented speeds.[2]

Key Principles

The foundational principles of quantum computing include:

• Superposition: The ability of a quantum system to be in multiple states at the same time until measured.
• Entanglement: A physical phenomenon that occurs when a group of particles is generated in such a way that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently.
• Interference: Used to manipulate the probabilities of quantum states to amplify correct answers and cancel out wrong ones.

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